![]() This courseware module is part of Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences' OER Initiative.Įxcept where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. ![]() Penn State Professional Masters Degree in GIS: Winner of the 2009 Sloan Consortium award for Most Outstanding Online Program Dutton e-Education Institute College of Earth and Mineral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University. Dutton e-Education Institute and Assistant Program Manager for Online Geospatial Education, and Adrienne Goldsberry, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute, Beth King, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute Ryan Baxter, Senior Research Assistant, John A. Instructors and contributors: Jim Sloan, Senior Lecturer, John A. Dutton e-Education Institute, and Director of Education, Industry Solutions, Esri. describe the characteristics of the UTM coordinate system, including its basis in the Transverse Mercator map projection andĪuthor: David DiBiase, Senior Lecturer, John A.In this section of Chapter 2, you will learn to: UTM grids are now standard not only on printed topographic maps but also for the geospatial referencing of the digital data that comprise the emerging U.S. For these reasons, cartographers and military officials in Europe and the U.S. Furthermore, calculating distances, directions and areas with spherical coordinates are cumbersome in comparison with plane coordinates. Curved grids are inconvenient to use for plotting positions on flat maps. As you know, geographic coordinates are specified in degrees, minutes, and seconds of arc. The UTM grid is a widely-used type of geospatial plane coordinate system in which positions are specified as eastings (distances, in meters, east of an origin) and northings (distances north of the origin).īy contrast, the geographic coordinate system grid of latitudes and longitudes consists of two curved measurement scales to fit the nearly-spherical shape of the Earth. A position defined by the coordinates (1,1) is located one unit to the right, and one unit up from the origin (0,0). The rulers are called "axes." The absolute location of any point in the space in the plane coordinate system is defined in terms of distance measurements along the x (east-west) and y (north-south) axes. In other words, if you were to place two rulers at right angles, such that the "0" marks of the rulers aligned, you'd define a plane coordinate system. You can think of a plane coordinate system as the juxtaposition of two measurement scales.
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